AHS1001 UF Medical Terminology: Urology Department
VIRGINIA FIRST HOSPITAL DEPARTMENTAL REPORTS
Urology Department
Urology department takes care of patients with problems with their genitourinary system. The genitourinary system comprises of kidneys, ureter, bladder, urethra, testis, penis and prostate. Most patients come with complains of hematuria (blood in urine), urinary incontinence (involuntary urine loss), dysuria (painful urination), oliguria (scanty urine), anuria (no urine), enuresis (bedwetting of children older than 5 years old), bladder pain, pyuria (pus in urine), polyuria (too much urine), orchidynia (testicular pain), prostatodynis (painful prostate), renal colic (kidney pain) and nocturia (urgency to urinate at night thus interrupting sleep). Most common disorders seen in this department are 1. Urinary tract infections are infections of the urinary system caused by microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Classified into Urethritis (ureter), Cystitis (bladder) and Pyelonephritis (kidneys) depending upon the location. 2. Urological Cancers-presence of malignant cells located in one of these areas: Prostate, Bladder, Renal, Penile, and Testicles. 3. Urolithiasis/Urinary Calculosis-presence of stones in the urinary tract. 4. Prostatitis-inflammation of the prostate gland. 5. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)- enlargement of the prostate gland of people over 40 years of age. and 6. Penile Phimosis- narrow or closed foreskin of the penis leaving only a small passage for excretion of urine.
Principal procedures done in the Urology department are 1. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy or ESWL- Invasive treatment for Urolithiasis where the stone is broken with the use of shock waves. 2. Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy or PNL- If extracorporeal lithotripsy does not work then this is the second option. The nephroscope is inserted through the skin into the kidney, contain the stone and breaks it up with ultrasonic or ballistic devices. 3. Circumcision- treatment for Phimosis. The foreskin is removed so that the penis is exposed. Most common laboratory tests ordered are Urinalysis, 24-hour urine collection and Kidney function tests. Urinalysis is a simple laboratory test where urine sample can help detect diseases of the urinary tract. The result will show color, appearance, odor, specific gravity and Ph of the urine. Results will also show if there is an abnormal amount of any of these: blood, WBC, bacteria, pus, crystals, glucose, protein, sugar, ketones, hemoglobin, and bile. 24-hour urine collection is when urine is collected for 24 hours to evaluate renal function. Some radiological procedures done are 1. Cystoscopy- done to check the interior of the urethra and bladder with the use of an endoscopic device called cystoscope. 2. KUB scan- is an x-ray technique to investigate the kidney, ureter, and bladder. This is the primary diagnostic scan conducted in renal colic. 3. Intravenous Pyelogram or IVP- A screening test to trace abnormalities of the urinary tract by infusing contrast medium in the veins. An x-ray film is then produced by an external apparatus.
Below is an example of a patient in the urology department:
First patient is a 30-year-old female Caucasian patient who came in today with complaints of …
